Jaman gaber terjadi sebenarnya bukanlah karena wilayah Gunungkidul yang tandus atau curah hujan kurang. Wilayah tandus di Gunungkidul hanya terbentang di wilayah pegunungan bagian selatan. Daerah utara yang membentang dari barat sampai ke timur adalah tanah subur dengan kedalaman top soil yang masih lebar, lebih satu meter. Curah hujan setiap tahun juga masih normal, sekitar 3000 mm.
Yang memicu terjadinya susah pangan adalah lebih karena hama tikus yang menggila. Hama tikus memakan semua hasil panen. Obat-obatan hama tikus tidak ada waktu itu. Sehingga, terjadilah bencana bencana kelaparan.
Alam Tropis yang Menyelamatkan
Orang mungkin bertanya tanya. Mengapa Jaman Gaber bisa cepat berlalu? Apakah kerja pemerintah begitu hebat waktu itu? Tanpa mengesampingkan kinerja pemerintah dalam mengatasi Jaman Gaber waktu itu, teratasinya Jaman Gaber lebih terbantu karena faktor alam tropis.
Hama tikus hilang dengan sendirinya karena mati kurang pangan. Ini sama seperti juga manusia. Begitu tikus berangsur hilang dan musim hujan tetap berlangsung, hamparan lahan tumbuh dengan cepat tanaman jawud dan canthel. Sekarang, jawud rupanya hanya menjadi makanan burung. Tanaman canthel sejenis dengan tanaman jagung. Kedua tanaman ini menjadi sumber makanan alternatif. Berangsur angsur bencana kelaparan teratasi.
Darimana tanaman jawut dan cathel itu. Tidak ada yang aneh sebenarnya. Itulah kehebatan sumberdaya alam tropis basah munsonal. Orang yang tinggal di wilayah ini harus bersyukur karena diberi “warisan” alam oleh Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa dengan kemampuan “recovery” yang sangat tinggi.
Adanya unsur tanah subur dan tersedianya air merupakan prasarat alam yang telah ada (given). Wilayah Gunungkidul termasulk didalamnya. Tanaman jawut dan canthel muncul karena sel biji kedua tanaman ini mempunyai kemampuan tetap hidup dalam kondisi kering. Pemindahan secara alami oleh burung juga berperanan.
Pelajaran yang Dapat Dipetik
Jaman Gaber memberi pelajaran pada kita dalam hal budaya menghargai makanan. Kebijakan harga makanan murah —beras terutama— salah satu sisi negatifnya adalah berkembang budaya tidak menghargai nasi. Betapa sengsaranya kalau setiap perut lapar tidak ada nasi. Dalam kondisi seperti ini, uang tidak mempunyai arti apa-apa. Coba perhatikan kalau kita sedang menghadiri pesta. Banyak sisa makanan yang tidak dimakan, karena mengambilnya kebanyakan. Cermin budaya tidak menghargai makanan.
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